Zaeem Jamal Marketing Strategy

Executive Summary Zaeem Jamal is a London based fashion designer who was recently named â€Å"best new designer of the year† at the Dubai fashion week. With shops located in the U.S., U.S. and Dubai, the Zaeem Jamal can be considered one of the latest up and coming high end fashion brands.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Zaeem Jamal Marketing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company specializes in utilizing high end materials composed of silk and similar expensive fabrics to create ethereal dresses which Mr. Jamal states is akin to â€Å"designing alchemy in motion.† The dresses themselves are quite distinguishable from other brands located within London as evidenced by their extensive utilization of symbolism and â€Å"magic† as defined by their designer. In essence, the dresses incorporate elements from multiple cultures such as Egypt, the Middle East and various aspects of Wes tern design elements in order to combine luxurious materials with present day aesthetic appeal while still retaining their old world details and symbols. Current Market Position While during the interview Mr. Jamal stated that: â€Å"Our clients come form a wide range of backgrounds, with wide ranging spheres of influence globally. Discretion is a key element of the Zaeem Jamal bespoke service, but of course some of our clients in the public spotlight are naturally seen in the brand!†. The fact is that in terms of popularity, the brand has a rather limited following that is based on word of mouth and lacks the extensive appeal that is associated with some of the more better known brands out there. Aside from this, the use of delicate materials and fabrics makes the outfits and accessories rather situational which limits their overall usability. Situation Analysis The main weakness of the Zaeem Jamal fashion brand is the fact that it is entering rather late â€Å"into the gam e† so speak when taking into consideration the presence of numerous international fashion brands from Europe and even the U.S. When taking into consideration the amount of time these brands have had in establishing their respective markets it can be seen that Zaeem Jamal has a long way to go into terms of establishing a proper niche in an already overly saturated fashion market. Another of the inherent problems with the brand is that it lacks a Fall/Winter collection.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Considering the fact that the U.K. is not a temperate country and often has extended periods of cold weather, this lack of a line of clothing that specifically caters to the local climate of the U.K. hampers the capacity of the brand to really take off locally since customers can only wear the outfits on a limited basis. Competitive Advantage Based on the interview conducte d with the proprietor of the Zaeem Jamal brand, it can be seen that the focus of the brand is oriented more towards wealthy high end consumers as evidenced by not only the price range of the gowns (1200 – 2400 pounds) but also its bespoke couture items which range from 3000 – 7000 pounds and beyond. The stylistic elements of the design itself are also oriented more towards women aged 30 and above due to the way in which the popular culture design of the dresses fit this particular age group. While it may not seem immediately apparent, the brand has a distinct competitive over local competitors due to the quality of the material (mostly silk), the uniqueness of the design (incorporating elements of Indian, Middle Eastern and Western designs) as well as the utilization of various international locations as their primary gown, dress, and outfit manufacturing locations. Adding to this is a recent report released by Mintel which indicates the population in the U.K. is exper iencing a boom in older consumers with higher rates of luxury good consumption between the ages of 35 to 55+. While such a shift would threaten most other brands that focus on younger clientele, Zaeem Jamal with its focus on high end luxury outfits specifically designed for this age set enables the company to position itself to take advantage of this growing consumer trend.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Zaeem Jamal Marketing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Brand Management Brand management for the company takes the form of making the products more â€Å"unique† through elements that are considered â€Å"magical and mystical† by the designers. As explained through the interview with Zaeem Jamal: â€Å"In a physical sense, each piece is transformed when all of our signature elements, including expert artistic hand craftsmanship, specially dyed colours, intricate embroidery and drapery b ased on the golden ratio are combined. Each piece incorporates energetic elements and symbology along with some secret touches and tweaks to enhance each dress, shoe and handbag to meet its highest possible form and purpose†. What this means is that the design elements utilized in the dresses and designs are unique and standout from the rest of the other shops and designers in terms of incorporating symbols from an assortment of cultures. This is one of the reasons why Zaeem Jamal was named â€Å"best new designer of the year at the Dubai Fashion Week† due to the distinctly â€Å"mystical† and â€Å"fairytale† type quality of the dresses that incorporate fashionable sophistication into the design. Strategic Positioning The strategic position strategy of the Zaeem Jamal brand does not focus on the exclusivity of the merchandise (though due to the price only a select few can actually afford it); rather, it focuses only the quality of the design and the mater ials as a means of distinguishing itself as a high end luxury clothing line. As explained by Mr. Jamal during the interview: â€Å"As a luxury brand with a focus on craftsmanship excellence, we like to allow potential customers to have their own experience and interaction with our products and let them speak for them themselves. By feeling our silks, it is instantly apparent from the physical touch and sensation of wrapping it around oneself. â€Å" By utilizing some of the finest silks and materials in the world and combining it with unique and what Mr. Jamal defines as â€Å"mystical and sacred designs†, this helps to create a product that defines itself as artful elegance that stands out from the rest of the crowd in terms of how the designs incorporate the richest materials with a flowing and ethereal look.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sustainability When it came to the concept of sustainability, Mr. Jamal stated that: â€Å"Sustainability is a wide term and can refer to many different elements and levels. As mentioned – it would be depend on which specific area of sustainability and which line.† While he did state that the brand would attempt to be one of the pioneers in sustainable fashion, the fact remains that it has not yet implemented such a strategy. Digital During the interview, Mr. Jamal mentioned that while the company did have elements of digital marketing (as seen in its website and videos) the fact of the matter is that they have not delved that much into this aspect of the marketing process. To explain why, Mr. Jamal stated that: â€Å"However it is also worth noting that in the real luxury sector many of our customers continue to approach and wear the brand because they see the product in reality†. It is in the opinion of this report that while Mr. Jamal does have a point regard ing the sale of his products, the fact remains that neglecting digital marketing in an age where people are increasingly â€Å"going digital† is a severe problem that needs to be dealt with in the future through a digital marketing campaign. Entrepreneurial When examining the entrepreneurial activities of Mr. Jamal in terms of utilizing different material suppliers and designs, it can be stated that he has been very creative in terms of developing a product that has a great deal of aesthetic appeal. External Analysis Business Environment The current problem with the fashion market within the U.K. and European economies is the fact that consumer spending is at an all time low due to the 2008 – present day economic downturn. Another global factor that should be taken into consideration when conducting business operations is the current debt crisis in Europe that was brought about through not only the reckless actions of various banks within region (as seen in the case of Ireland) but also through government mismanagement of finances (seen in the case of Greece) and exposure to a reckless housing market (the case of Spain) which has also adversely affected domestic manufacturing within the U.K. Such factors have taken a steep toll on the fashion market with up to 30% of profits effectively wiped out in period of 6 months immediately during the aftermath of the 2008 recession with only a marginal improvement on domestic sales within the U.K. and Europe since the latter half of 2012. While there has been a significant recovery in 2013 wherein the rate of sale of high end fashion goods has increased (25% since the start of the debt crisis), the fact remains that consumers within the U.K. are less willing to take risks when it comes to spending on high end goods. Opportunities and Recommendations for Fashion Marketing Fashion marketing for Zaeem Jamal will come in the form of developing a line of wool/fur cape/coats that is lacking in the companyâ€℠¢s current line of designs. This strategy focuses on addressing a distinct limitation in the current clothing line of Zaeem Jamal due to the necessity of having winter coats given climate of the U.K. Do note though that based on the previous section on the current problems in the external luxury brand market within the U.K., creating a line of wool/fur capes may place them at a price range that is far too expensive to make an immediate profit. Not only that, there are also issues associated with animal rights activism within the U.K. which quite is active resulting in a plethora of negative publicity for the brand should it utilize actual fur from animals. It is based on this that the brand will focus on the development of faux (i.e. fake) fur and wool capes and coats utilizing sustainable methods of production. By utilizing faux fur and wool, this helps to cut down on the costs of the product and make it more ethical for customers to purchase. Promotion for the fur coats and wool w ill take the form of advertising campaigns that focus on presenting the Zaeem Jamal as focusing on ethical methods of high end fashion production which would definitely appeal to a large percentage of high end luxury fashion buyers who are becoming more increasingly concerned over the ethical production of goods and services. Example of Coat Designs Strategic Directions The strategic directions of the company will focus on developing different types of faux fur coats in order to appeal to wide range of possible consumer tastes. These will range from the full body thicker coats as seen in the second example to the lighter more practical coats that can be seen in the first example. By diversifying the thickness of the coats and the design that is utilized, the company will be able to appeal to a wider range of consumers resulting in a higher sales rate. Developing Competencies and Competitive Advantage With low consumer spending and an atmosphere of economic uncertainty which pervad es the domestic markets within the U.K., this has resulted in low sales revenues for non top tier brands such Zaeem Jamal (i.e. this refers to brands that are not within the same level of popularity as Channel, Dior, etc.). The fact is the current consumer market situation within the U.K. is not conducive towards sales and, as such, it is recommended that Zaeem Jamal attempt to shift its focus towards areas that are more conducive towards sales. One possible avenue of approach that was determined by this market strategy was to shift resources towards foreign markets which have not been as adversely affected by the current economic downturn and focus efforts there instead of in cathartic local markets (The rise of no-name designers, 2012). Asian markets such as those within China, Japan and the A.S.E.A.N (Association of South East Asian Nations) presented themselves as viable consumer markets due to the fact that despite the slowdown of various western economies, eastern economies ha ve actually grown on average by five to eight percent annually. This is due to the fact that as the expense of doing business within western nations rises companies start to shift their manufacturing operations to other countries with far lower operational expenses (Kaiser, 2005). In response to this, various businesses have focused on expanding their product promotion strategies into such regions (Pahl et al. 2007). Aside from Asia, other possible international consumer markets could be Australia, Canada, and even South America given the increase in economic activity within such countries/regions (Lipke, 2006). In order to accomplish this potential shift, it is the recommendation of this report that the Zaeem Jamal brand utilize online social networking as a means of product promotion and sale in order to access these new markets while continuing to maintain a presence within the U.K. PR Strategies: Short and Long Term Short Term Public Relations Strategy – Promoting its New Line of Faux Fur Coats Mr. Jamal explained that one the company’s current marketing strategies was the use of collaborations with different brands and advertising within publications. While such a method is effective, it is the recommendation of this report that in order to promote the new line of faux furs and coats, utilizing celebrities would be an effective way of doing so. Through the dynamics of public interest in pop culture that extends into the realm of fashion, people become increasingly fascinated with various T.V. personalities, movie stars, sports stars etc. to such an extent that they attempt to emulate them in every way possible (Hakala, 2011). This has the result of them buying clothing in the same style and color as their favorite celebrity, buy products which that particular celebrity uses and even drink the same type of drink they see a celebrity drinking (Boshoff Gerber, 2008). All of this conforms with the inherent notion that if a particular celebrity is using it then it must be good (Westerbeek Linley, 2012). Our Zaeem Jamal can exploit this by utilizing sponsorships in the form of endorsement deals by having certain celebrities wear the company’s capes, dresses, accessories etc. Notable examples of this can be seen through British celebrities such as Victoria Beckham and her endorsement deal with Christian Dior, Chanel, etc., David Becham and his varied endorsement deals with Nike, EverLast and Gillette and lastly Naomi Campbell and her association with nearly hundreds of branding campaigns (Boshoff Gerber, 2008). The result of these endorsements has been to bring the branding and knowledge of the product beyond what can be seen in advertisements and print ads lending it an extra sense of credibility since audiences always see their favorite athletes utilizing that particular brand (Westerbeek Linley, 2012). Long Term Public Relations Strategy In the long term, Zaeem Jamal would need consumers to continuously buy its products and, as such, must rely on a certain degree of â€Å"continued prolonged effect† of an endorsement deal in order to encourage product patronage and buying behavior (Seringhaus, 2005). The purpose of all company sponsored endorsement deals after all is to make celebrities into walking advertising billboards by connecting that athlete to the image of the brand. Various studies examining the impact of particular advertising campaigns on consumers show that by and large not all advertising campaigns have a prolonged period of impact on the mindset of consumers (Carrillat, Harris Lafferty, 2010). Taking this into consideration, it can also be assumed that not all business endorsement deals connected to particular celebrity/athlete have the desired effect of prolonged exposure as compared to billboards and commercials (Boshoff Gerber, 2008). In fact, it can even be stated that since celebrities do not always sport the brands they are suppose to be endorsing, this results in a situation where business sponsored endorsement deals tend to lose their effectiveness over time (Carrillat, Harris Lafferty, 2010). It is based on this that the long term strategy of the company should focus on bringing the Zaeem Jamal brand into the forefront of the public’s consciousness. This can be achieved by establishing a contract with a local bank that supplies its clients with credit cards (Wang et al. 2013). Consumers love a bargain no matter the market demographic and some consumers continue to patronize the same types of stores for their purchasing needs (Gellers, 2004). With the holiday season closing in more customers will be using their credit cards more than before in order to make their purchases. By enabling local banks to send promotion material in connection with the Zaeem Jamal brand that enables consumers to purchase products from the store at reduced cost through a discount flyer or coupon, this will help to generate significant awareness of the brand to local consumers. Best of all, the company can utilize an already existing list of customers that it knows can afford its products since banks have different types of credit cards organized based on the affluence and credit limit of its clients (Nygaard, 2005). The company can just choose to concentrate its local marketing campaign on individuals with a history of expensive fashion item purchases as well as those with high credit card limits. It is expected that through this strategy Zaeem Jamal will be able to gain a significant amount of new clients and expand awareness of the brand. Conclusion What this report has shown is that while the products created by the Zaeem Jamal are of exquisite quality, the brand still needs to diversify its product range in order to take into consideration the climate of the U.K. The fact is that the brand really needs to develop a heavier set of coats in order to appeal to clients that would have to face the freezing temperatures that occur within the region from time to time. It should also be noted that traditionally, the buying and selling of products and services has always occurred either through a face to face transaction, a letter of intent or even a simple phone call where a person places an order and pays upon delivery. Yet due advances in technology where the scale and scope of the retail industry has come to encompass a global market place the traditional processes by which this industry has always followed has started to change. While Zaeem Jamal has continued to rely on word of mouth and advertisements in publications, it would definitely need to consider advertising through digital mediums given the current popularity of the internet and how it is a new frontier so to speak for the advertising and sale of luxury brands. Reference List Boshoff, C, Gerber, C 2008, ‘Sponsorship recall and recognition: The case of the 2007 Cricket World Cup’, South African Journal Of Business Management, vol. 39 , no. 2, pp. 1-8. Carrillat, F, Harris, E, Lafferty, B 2010, ‘Fortuitous brand image transfer’,  Journal Of Advertising, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 109-123. Gellers, S 2004, ‘Living the Lush, Affordable Luxury Life’, DNR: Daily News Record, vol. 34, no. 33, p. 52, Hakala, K 2011, ‘Sponsorship: Leap Taking a Daring Leap. ABA Bank Marketing, vol. 43, no. 1, p. 38. Kaiser, A 2005, ‘Russia, Middle East Have Luxe Potential’, DNR: Daily News Record, vol. 35, no. 26, p. 6 Lipke, D 2006, ‘Penguin Targeting Luxury Retailers’, DNR: Daily News Record, vol. 36, no. 4, p. 20 Nygaard, S 2005, ‘Kenneth Cole Stakes Out Luxury Territory’, DNR: Daily News Record, vol. 35, no. 25, p. 11 Pahl, D, Lloyd, B, Wilhelm, M, Harmon, A, Vargo, J 2007, ‘Retailers await last-minute surge stores report strong sales of cashmere sweaters, leather jackets and luxury topcoats as consumers procrastinate’, DNR: Daily News Record, vol. 37, no. 51, p. 12 Seringhaus, F 2005, ‘Selling Luxury Brands Online’, Journal Of Internet Commerce, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 1 ‘The rise of no-name designers’ 2012, Economist, vol. 405, no. 8808, p. 68, Wang, X, Chow, C, Luk, C 2013, ‘Does Service Employee Arrogance Discourage Sales of Luxury Brands in Emerging Economies?’, Psychology Marketing, vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 918-933 Westerbeek, H, Linley, M 2012, ‘Sponsorship and branding: Research paper Building city brands through sport events: Theoretical and empirical perspectives’, Journal Of Brand Strategy, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 193-205. This essay on Zaeem Jamal Marketing Strategy was written and submitted by user Davis Livingston to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

3 Good Study Habits for College Students by Lauren Gartner

3 Good Study Habits for College Students by Lauren Gartner 3 Habits of Top Students You Should Grow Students who possess good study habits are more likely to have better grades than students who don’t. They are also less likely to suffer from school related anxiety. This is largely due to the fact that they are less likely to fall behind, or to realize at the last minute they don’t understand something. There are some good study habits that apply to students of all ages. Presumably most people reading this know most, if not all of these. What this posting is going to discuss is a few specific study habits for college students. These 3 good study habits for college students are sure to help students start the school year on the right track. Don’t Toss Homework Assignments, Tests, or Quizzes Save these, and take the time to correct wrong answers if your professor hasn’t done so already. Highlight items that are particularly important or that you found most difficult. Then, stick them in a binder with a tab that indicates the specific subject each one covers. When you are finished, what you will have is your own study guide for the class. This is perfect for studying for your final exam. If you would rather not keep paper copies, scan them into your smartphone, and organize them with a note taking app. You’ll still have a study guide, and you’ll be able to take it with you wherever you go. Don’t wait for Down Time to Study If you wait until you have the opportunity to be at your desk in a quiet bedroom, apartment, or dorm room to study, you will never get any studying done. Your residence hall will always be noisy, you’ll always have someplace that you need to be. You may have had a block of time every evening in high school where your parents made sure that you had a quiet and distraction free place to study. Nobody is going to guarantee you a distraction free study area in college, and there’s a good chance that you won’t have a block of time each evening. So, get an app to organize your study notes. Study while you eat your lunch. Review your notes while you ride the bus to work. Do you have 20 minutes between classes? Squeeze in some study time. In fact, studying in short bursts like this may help you to retain information for longer periods of time. Emulate the Study Habits of the Busiest Students It may seem logical to emulate the study habits of students who get the best grades. In reality, however, these students often have horrible study habits. This is because many of them simply don’t need to study. They just pick things up naturally. In other instances, these students study obsessively and unhealthily. The best study habits are often displayed by college students who manage to maintain respectable grades while leading exceptionally busy social and work lives. If you want to learn how to improve study habits, these are the people to ask.

Connotation (of Words) - Definition and Examples

Connotation (of Words) s Connotation refers to the emotional implications and associations that a word may carry, in contrast to its denotative (or literal) meanings. Verb: connote. Adjective: connotative. Also called intension or sense. The connotation of a word can be positive, negative, or neutral. It can also be either cultural or personal. Heres an example: To most people the word cruise connotessuggestsa delightful holiday; thus its cultural connotation is positive. If you get seasick, however, the word may connote only discomfort to you; your personal connotation is negative.(Vocabulary by Doing, 2001) In his book Patterns and Meanings (1998), Alan Partington observes that connotation is a problem area for learners of a language: [Because] it is an important mechanism for the expression of attitude, it is of paramount importance that learners be aware of it in order to grasp the illocutionary intent of messages. Etymology:  From the Latin, mark along with Examples and Observations In the East the wilderness has no evil connotation; it is thought of as an expression of the unity and harmony of the universe.(William O. Douglas)Exercise addiction.It sounds like an oxymoronexercise has a healthy connotation, while addiction sounds negative.But experts are seeing some people abuse a healthy lifestyleand for one Los Angeles woman, the addiction lasted nearly 20 years.(Jessica Ryen Doyle, Woman Battles Exercise Addiction for Nearly 20 Years. Fox News.com, October 17, 2012)In the real world, procrastination has a negative connotation.People who leave things to the last minute are often characterized as lazy, unprepared and inefficient.In professional sports, though, procrastination isn’t a label to be ashamed about. In fact, putting things off until the last possible moment might be the sign of a true champion.(Ian Mendes, Procrastinate Like a Champion. Ottawa Citizen, October 15, 2012)Debt is a four letter word. For many people it has the same connotation as m any other four letter words. However, not all debt is bad. . . . In general terms good debt is defined as debt that allows someone to invest in the future such as business loans, student loans, mortgages and real estate loans.(How to Know When Debt Is a Four Letter Word. MarketWatch, October 17, 2012) Stimulus is Washington talk, said Rahm Emanuel, the coming White House chief of staff with a sandpapered-fingertip sensitivity to the familiar connotation of words. Economic recovery is how the American people think of it.(William Safire, Recovery. The New York Times, Dec. 12, 2008)Synonyms and ConnotationsA group of synonyms cannot by definition be distinguished in terms of their denotation, but they usually display noticeable differences of connotation, as in the case of car, automobile, runabout, buggy, banger, bus, hot rod, jalopy, old crock, racer, and so on.(David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge University Press, 2003)A Rose by Any Other Name- Mr. Powers: Jones. I dont like that name. Its going to handicap you, young man. Now wait a minute. Ive got some sort of a name here. Yes. Haverstock. Huntley Haverstock. Sounds a little more important, dont you think, Mr. Fisher?Mr. Fisher: Oh, yes, yes. Very dashing.Mr. Powers: . . . Well, speak up young man. You dont mind being Huntley Haverstock, do you?Johnny Jones: A rose by any name, sir.(Harry Davenport, George Sanders, and Joel McCrea in Foreign Correspondent, 1940)- What’s Montague? it is nor hand, nor foot,Nor arm, nor face, nor any other partBelonging to a man. O! be some other name:What’s in a name? that which we call a roseBy any other name would smell as sweet.(Juliet in Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare)- Lisa: A rose by any other name smells as sweet.Bart: Not if you call them Stench Blossoms.(The Simpsons) Light CigarettesAltria said it had used terms like light as well as packaging colors to connote different tastes, not safety. But study after studyincluding ones by the industry disclosed in tobacco lawsuitshas shown consumers believe the terms and colors connote a safer product.(Duff Wilson, Coded to Obey Law, Lights Become Marlboro Gold. The New York Times, Feb. 18, 2010)Pork Butt or Boston Roast?In an effort to boost sales going into the grilling season and make shopping at the meat counter a bit easier, the pork and beef industries are retooling more than 350 names of meat cuts to give them more sizzle and consumer appeal. . . .[By summer,] the pork chop will be gone. Instead, grocery retailers could be stocking stacks of porterhouse chops, ribeye chops and New York chops. The pork butt which actually comes from shoulder meatwill be called a Boston roast.(New Meat Names Mean Bye Bye, Pork Chop; Hello, Ribeye. Chicago Tribune, April 10, 2013)ReservationThe name reservation has a negative connotation among Native Americansan intern camp of sorts.(John Russell) TribeSince tribe has assumed a connotation of primitiveness or backwardness, it is suggested that the use of nation or people replace the term whenever possible in referring to Native American peoples.(R. B. Moore, Racism in the English Language, in The Production of Reality, ed. J. OBrien, 2005)Socialism and Capitalism[For many], socialism implies egalitarianism and that people are living for society, while capitalism has been given the connotation of materialism, greedy, selfish, self-serving, and so on.(Milton Friedman)Denotation and Connotation in a Poem by E.A. RobinsonIn the following poem by Edwin Arlington Robinson, distinguish between the denotative and connotative meanings of the words in italics.Richard Cory (1897)Whenever Richard Cory went down town,We people on the pavement looked at him:He was a gentleman from sole to crown,Clean favored, and imperially slim.And he was always quietly arrayed,And he was always human when he talked;But still he fluttered pulses when he sa id,Good-morning, and he glittered when he walked.And he was richyes, richer than a king,And admirably schooled in every grace:In fine, we thought that he was everythingTo make us wish that we were in his place.So on we worked, and waited for the light,And went without the meat, and cursed the bread;And Richard Cory, one calm summer night,Went home and put a bullet through his head. Denotation and Connotation in a Poem by Henry David ThoreauIn the following poem we have italicized a number of key words whose connotative meaning directs our response to the images. Although the poem is mostly imagesthe overt commentary is confined to the first two linesthe poets attitude is anything but neutral.Pray to What Earth Does This Sweet Cold Belongby Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862)Pray to what earth does this sweet cold belong,Which asks no duties and no conscience?The moon goes up by leaps, her cheerful pathIn some far summer stratum of the sky,While stars with their cold shine bedot her way.The fields gleam mildly back upon the sky,And far and near upon the leafless shrubsThe snow dust still emits a silver light.Under the hedge, where drift banks are their screen,The titmice now pursue their downy dreams,As often in the sweltering summer nightsThe bee doth drop asleep in the flower cup,When evening overtakes him with his load.By the brooksides, in the still, genial ni ght,The more adventurous wanderer may hearThe crystals shoot and form, and winter slowIncrease his rule by gentlest summer means.(David Bergman and Daniel Mark Epstein, The Heath Guide to Literature. D.C. Heath, 1984) The Lighter Side of Connotations: Purses and HandbagsWhy is it a handbag instead of a purse?The General simultaneously rolled her eyes and released a tired sigh. A purse is a cheap, plastic discount store thing. A handbag is what contemporary, fashion-conscious women carry. And thats what we sell. Expensive designer handbags. An assortment of the latest trends and must-have famous names. They are handbags and you need to refer to them that way. You can say bag for short, but never, ever, ever say the word purse Its an insult to the exclusive designers we carry. Got it?Got it.But I didnt really get it. The whole thing sounded kind of snooty and stupid.(Freeman Hall, Retail Hell: How I Sold My Soul to the Store. Adams Media, 2009)The Lighter Side of Connotations: PantiesTheres a certain light connotation attached to the word panties. Can we find another name for them?(Joseph N. Welch as Judge Weaver in Anatomy of a Murder, 1959) Pronunciation: kon-no-TAY-shun Also known as: affective meaning, intensional meaning Also see: Choosing the Best Words: Denotations and ConnotationsAssociative MeaningBertrand Russell on the Connotative Power of WordsConceptual MeaningCommonly Confused Words:  Connotation  and  DenotationCommonly Confused Words:  Connote  and  DenoteDysphemism  and  EuphemismGlittering GeneralitiesLoaded WordsOrthophemismParadiastolePejorative LanguagePhonaestheticsReflected MeaningSemanticsSemioticsSnarl Words Purr WordsSubtextSynonym  and  SynonymyUsage NoteWord ChoiceWriters on Writing: Ten Tips for Finding the Right Words

Hume's analysis of the process by which we make causal judgments Essay - 1

Hume's analysis of the process by which we make causal judgments - Essay Example This paper is going to discuss Hume’s analysis of the process by which we make causal judgments. Causality can be defined as the relationship between an object and a fact; it is among the most recognized ideas that we have. Causality is involved in almost all undertakings or human way of thinking; it is assumed in every argument and sensible actions. It is considered a beneficial idea in all areas of philosophy including philosophy science from the time of ancient Greeks to present. Hume as a philosopher, he defines causality as something that clinches things together. Knowing what causes are assists us to know how minds might or might not relate to bodies, how bodies might approach to create changes in other bodies, how thoughts might or might not influence deeds and how free they might or might not work. Therefore, all human beings are naturally attributed to certain occurrences of causal actions upon others. This means that whenever there is change in something, there is a quality that disappears, and another one appears, and the source of these changes is cause. In other wo rds, for every quality produced as a result of change, there is a cause for that. Many changes occur due to the relation between change and cause. Hence, this natural acknowledgement of the association between cause and effect to occurrences is at the forefront of all the philosophical declaration and analysis. There are characteristics that help to differentiate the causal relations in the universe, which include non- anthropomorphic, uniformity and determinism. Non – anthropomorphic, causal relation means a name given to change, and that in causal correlation wishes, purpose and desires are never mentioned. Uniformity describes causal relations as unchanging habits between facts, on the other hand, determinism characteristics emphasize that there is a connection between a cause and an effect. Meaning causality is prejudiced by the presence of other

Theories Of Drug Abuse Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Theories Of Drug Abuse - Research Paper Example The strain/ anomie theory explains that people resort to drug abuse when they fail to achieve success in society. The society is competitive and achievement-oriented and those who fail to succeed come up with unusual mechanisms to handle failure. When these mechanisms also fail, they resort to drug abuse. The social control theory explains that individuals get involved in drug abuse because of lack of societal rules encouraging conventionality. If these rules are weak, individuals will adopt unconventional behavior including drug abuse. Greater involvement in conventional activities reduces the likelihood of involvement in activities like drug abuse. The self-control theory suggests that individuals abuse drugs because of lack of self-control, caused by the inability of the society or parents to control the behavior of their children. People abuse drugs because there is no custodian to stop them (Kaplan, Martin and Robbins, 1984). The social learning theory suggests that people learn good or bad behavior depending on the groups they interact with. Interacting with groups that reward and reinforce drug use leads to adoption of the behavior. The subcultural theory explains that interacting with social groups that encourage drug use leads to an individual’s adoption of the habit while the individual gets discouraged from the habit by interacting with groups that discourage drug use (Hanson, Venturelli and Fleckenstein, 2011). Selective interaction theory suggests that individuals are attracted to particular drug using groups because their principles and beliefs are harmonious with those of drug users. The conflict theory explains that drug abuse is related to the power and social class of individuals. The rich and powerful individuals are less likely to be involved in drug use than the lower class and low-earning individuals. The poor resort to selling drugs as a source of livelihood. Drug dealing flouris hes in poor communities (Mooney,

Permeability of Beetroot Cell Membranes Essay -- Biology Science Exper

Permeability of Beetroot Cell Membranes An experiment to investigate how temperature affects the Permeability of beetroot cell membranes Interpretation of Results: 0Â °C 20Â °C 30Â °C 40Â °C 55Â °C 0.24 0.28 0.75 0.79 0.22 0.26 0.35 0.41 0.81 From 0Â °C to 30Â °C there is a gradual increase of absorbency which shows that as the temperature increases it is denaturing the cell wall and cell membrane and allowing the beetroot pigment to leek out into the distilled water. As soon as the sample of beetroot is placed into the distilled water diffusion occurs naturally, which is the net movement of molecules from a region of high concentration (beetroot sample) to a region of low concentration (distilled water). From 40Â °C upwards there is a sudden increase of absorbency, this is because the optimum temperature of which enzymes and cells can work at is 37Â °C and as soon as you go above this temperature it will cause the enzymes and cells to denature and cease from working as effectively. Even if you then lower the temperature again the cell will not regain its original shape. Within the phospholipid bi-layer there are proteins, and these proteins are made up of polypeptide chains which are joined together by hydrogen, hydrophobic and peptide bonds. Once the temperature has increased above 40Â °C the molecules vibrate so energetically that these bonds break easily and therefore creating holes within the cell wall and phospholipid bi-layer, and al...

Evaluation Essay

Elan Brannan Evaluation Essay October 26, 2012 Toyota Camry vs. Honda Accord All across America millions of people search for a vehicle to keep them safe while driving. But that isn’t all car consumers look for, car buyers want style, comfort, and most importantly a smooth calming ride. For many years consumers have been comparing two top rated cars, the Toyota Camry and the Honda Accord. Both cars excellent in ratings all across the board however, the Toyota Camry is the number one best safety pick in its class.Looking at both cars history one might decide to choose the Camry because of its long list of positives, but the Honda Accord in the recent year has stepped up the quality. The Honda Accord has improved seats, now with better back support along with more space and better views from the windows. All qualities consumers have come to love. The Honda Accord is the best overall sedan when compared to the Toyota Camry. At first look the design of a car can be intriguing and exciting. The Honda Accord does just that by offering sleeker and bolder abilities with the outstanding new technology. Both models offer Bluetooth, hands free calling and audio streaming but Honda has gone well beyond that, also offering SMS text capability, Pandora audio streaming, dual-zone climate control and an eight inch i-MID display†(Halverson). Honda also took the time to redesign the back seats. The seats are now higher so the passenger can have an easier time looking out the window. The 2012 Camry was redesigned to compete with the Honda. Camry’s have always looked boring compared to the bold design of an Accord. According to Halvorson, although the changes were so subtle and evolutionary they might not have even been noticed.The new 2013 design of the Accord does look a slightly more exciting and better proportioned on the outside, with more of a premium look inside. The design of the Camry has put itself back in the race with the Accord. With a better look maybe more customers are stopping to look at the Camry instead. The design of the Honda Accord speaks for itself but there are more advantages car buyers want to take a look at. Fuel economy is another big factor when buying a car. The Toyota Camry beats Honda in fuel economy, a whopping 43 mpg city and 39 highway however, the Accord offers a lot under the hood. The Accord earns an excellent 27/36 mpg with its new direct-injection four-cylinder and continuously variable automatic transmission (CVT), while the four-cylinder Camry gets 25/35 at best. V-6 Accords are especially smart and efficient, with ratings of 21/34, while Camry V-6 models stand at 21/30†(Halverson). For someone who likes a little bit more edge when driving, the Honda is a better choice. When looking at the hybrid models Honda does not yet have anything planned to release to the market until 2014 but they are expected to do well.Camry is not the leader in hybrid cars but they are doing very well right now. Ne vertheless comfort is always must! A comfortable ride can be a deal breaker. Whether it is commuting or taking the kids to a soccer game the new back support technology and more space for your legs is making this car seem perfect. Also, the Honda Accord offers noise control to keep all of those outside noises out for an even more comfortable drive. â€Å"So they’re among the better choices for carrying adults in the back seat.With its rather low beltline and a little more slide glass, the Accord offers a slightly better view outward for those in back-possibly eliminating the need for Dramamine†(Halverson). As for the Toyota Camry, it was proven to be the overall best drive, when it comes to bumps and being on the freeway. The Camry does not have noise control but it does have insulation proven to make the car ride less noisy and the car ride feel more peaceful. Both cars come so close in quality but what about quantity. Which one costs more? Every car can have all the bells and whistles but what is that going to cost?The Honda Accord wins here too, but not by much. The price for a 2012 Honda Accord is $21,680 and the Toyota Camry is $22,055. Looking at both cars they compare quite nicely. Although there are many similarities, the differences are what set these two cars apart. The Toyota Camry is a smoother ride, safer and its fuel economy is amazing. The Honda Accord offers more technology, comfort and better driving capability. Both cars have been recently redesigned and have added upgrades. The Accord is a better car because of its less expensive price and complete package of a car.There is nothing this car doesn’t offer. Yes, the Camry does go beyond safe and reliable but the Accord is not far behind. For the price of a Camry you’re getting safety, but for the price of an Accord you’re getting safety and style (Halverson). Overall the Honda is a better car; the company offers more amenities as well as a more modern feel. B y offering more space and different technology the Honda wins best overall car when compared to Toyota Camry. Works Cited Halverson, Bengt. â€Å"Toyota Camry vs. Honda Accord Compare Cars†. The Car Connection. N. d. September 11, 2012. October 24, 2012.